PHP 8.3 Modern Features
Readonly Classes:
Declare a readonly class UserDTO with a constructor promoting public properties for int id, string name, and string email.
Enums with Methods:
Create an OrderStatus enum backed by string. Define cases Pending with pending value, Processing with processing value, and Completed with completed value. Add a label method that uses match expression on $this to return appropriate display labels for each case.
Attributes:
Create a Validate attribute class targeting properties with Attribute attribute. The constructor accepts a string rule and optional string message. Create a UserRequest class with email property decorated with Validate attribute specifying required and email rules.
Laravel 11 Patterns
Eloquent Model with Relationships:
In the App\Models namespace, create a Post model extending Model. Set protected fillable array with title, content, user_id, and status. Set protected casts array with status casting to PostStatus enum and published_at casting to datetime. Define a user method returning BelongsTo relationship. Define a comments method returning HasMany relationship. Add a scopePublished method that filters by published status.
API Resource Pattern:
In the App\Http\Resources namespace, create a PostResource extending JsonResource. The toArray method takes a Request parameter. Return an array with id, title, author using UserResource with whenLoaded for user relationship, comments_count using whenCounted, and created_at formatted as ISO 8601 string.
Migration Pattern:
Create an anonymous migration class extending Migration. The up method calls Schema create on posts table. Define id, foreignId for user_id with constrained and cascadeOnDelete, string for title, text for content, string for status defaulting to draft, timestamps, and softDeletes.
Service Layer Pattern:
In the App\Services namespace, create a UserService class. Define a create method accepting UserDTO. Use DB transaction wrapping User create with data from DTO properties, profile creation with default bio, and returning user with loaded profile relationship. Catch ActiveRecord\RecordInvalid exceptions to handle validation failures.
Symfony 7 Patterns
Entity with Doctrine Attributes:
In the App\Entity namespace, create a User class. Apply ORM\Entity attribute with repositoryClass pointing to UserRepository. Apply ORM\Table attribute with name users. Add private nullable int id with ORM\Id, ORM\GeneratedValue, and ORM\Column attributes. Add private nullable string name with ORM\Column length 255 and Assert\NotBlank. Add private nullable string email with ORM\Column length 180 unique and Assert\Email.
Service with Dependency Injection:
In the App\Service namespace, create a UserService class. The constructor accepts readonly EntityManagerInterface and readonly UserPasswordHasherInterface via property promotion. Define createUser method taking email and password strings. Create new User, set email, hash password using the password hasher, persist with entity manager, flush, and return user.
Testing Patterns
PHPUnit Feature Test for Laravel:
In Tests\Feature namespace, create UserApiTest extending TestCase with RefreshDatabase trait. The test_can_create_user method posts JSON to api/users with name, email, password, and password_confirmation. Assert status 201 and JSON structure with data containing id, name, and email. Assert database has users table with the email.
Pest Test for Laravel:
Use App\Models\User and Post. Create a test using it function for can create a post. Create user with factory. Call actingAs with user, post JSON to api/posts with title and content. Assert status 201 and expect Post count to be 1. Create second test for requires authentication that posts without authentication and asserts status 401.
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