Most Used Functions
```sql
-- Subtract time (e.g., convert UTC to local)
DATETIME_SUB(date_field, INTERVAL 5 HOUR)
-- Simple conditional
IF(condition, value_if_true, value_if_false)
-- Multiple conditions
CASE
WHEN condition1 THEN result1
WHEN condition2 THEN result2
ELSE default_result
END
-- Default value if NULL
IFNULL(field, 'default_value')
-- Aggregations
SUM(field), AVG(field), MAX(field), MIN(field), COUNT(field)
-- Text
CONCAT(text1, text2), UPPER(text), LOWER(text)
-- Format date
FORMAT_DATETIME('%d/%m/%Y %H:%M', date_field)
```
Common Timezones
| Timezone | Code |
|----------|------|
| US Eastern | America/New_York (UTC-5/-4) |
| US Pacific | America/Los_Angeles (UTC-8/-7) |
| UK | Europe/London (UTC+0/+1) |
| Central Europe | Europe/Berlin (UTC+1/+2) |
| Australia Sydney | Australia/Sydney (UTC+10/+11) |
| India | Asia/Kolkata (UTC+5:30) |
| Japan | Asia/Tokyo (UTC+9) |
Timezone Conversion
```sql
-- Simple method: subtract/add hours
DATETIME_SUB(utc_field, INTERVAL 5 HOUR)
-- With FORMAT for display
FORMAT_DATETIME('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M', DATETIME_SUB(field, INTERVAL 5 HOUR))
```