accounts-payable-workflow

Трехстороннее сопоставление

• Заказ на покупку (PO): Авторизация на покупку
• Получение товара: Доказательство поставки
• Счет поставщика: Запрос на оплату
• Все три документа должны совпадать перед утверждением

Разделение обязанностей

• Ввод и утверждение счетов — разные люди
• Авторизация платежей отдельно от исполнения
• Изменения поставщика требуют двойного утверждения

```python

class APWorkflowEngine:

def __init__(self):

self.tolerance_price = 0.05 # 5%

self.tolerance_qty = 0.02 # 2%

def process_invoice(self, invoice):

# 1. Захват данных и валидация

extracted_data = self.ocr_extract(invoice)

validation = self.validate_invoice_data(extracted_data)

if not validation.is_valid:

return self.route_to_exception_queue(invoice)

# 2. Трехстороннее сопоставление

matching = self.perform_three_way_match(extracted_data)

if matching.has_exceptions:

if matching.within_tolerance(self.tolerance_price, self.tolerance_qty):

return self.route_for_payment(extracted_data)

else:

return self.route_for_approval(extracted_data, matching)

# 3. Маршрутизация по матрице утверждений

return self.route_based_on_amount(extracted_data)

```

```yaml

approval_matrix:

department_managers:

amount_limit: 10000

auto_approve_tolerance: 0.02

finance_director:

amount_limit: 50000

requires_backup_documentation: true

cfo_approval:

amount_limit: 250000

requires_board_notification: true

```

```python

def detect_duplicates(new_invoice):

# Точные совпадения

exact = db.query(

"SELECT * FROM invoices WHERE vendor_id = ? AND invoice_number = ?",

new_invoice.vendor_id, new_invoice.invoice_number

)

# Нечеткое сопоставление

potential = db.query(

"""SELECT * FROM invoices

WHERE vendor_id = ?

AND invoice_date BETWEEN ? AND ?

AND ABS(amount - ?) < ?""",

new_invoice.vendor_id,

new_invoice.invoice_date - timedelta(days=30),

new_invoice.invoice_date + timedelta(days=30),

new_invoice.amount,

new_invoice.amount * 0.05

)

return {'exact': exact, 'potential': potential}

```

```python

class PaymentScheduler:

def optimize_payment_schedule(self, approved_invoices):

for invoice in approved_invoices:

# Скидка за досрочную оплату

discount_deadline = invoice.due_date - timedelta(days=invoice.early_pay_days)

discount_value = invoice.amount * (invoice.early_pay_rate / 100)

if discount_deadline >= date.today() and discount_value > 100:

payment_date = discount_deadline

payment_amount = invoice.amount - discount_value

else:

payment_date = invoice.due_date - timedelta(days=2)

payment_amount = invoice.amount

yield {

'invoice_id': invoice.id,

'payment_date': payment_date,

'payment_amount': payment_amount,

'discount_captured': discount_value

}

```

```python

def generate_ap_metrics(start_date, end_date):

return {

'processing_efficiency': {

'average_processing_time': calc_avg_time(start_date, end_date),

'straight_through_rate': calc_stp_rate(start_date, end_date),

'exception_rate': calc_exception_rate(start_date, end_date)

},

'cost_savings': {

'early_payment_discounts': sum_discounts(start_date, end_date),

'duplicates_prevented': count_duplicates(start_date, end_date)

},

'compliance': {

'three_way_match_rate': calc_3way_compliance(start_date, end_date),

'sod_violations': count_sod_violations(start_date, end_date)

}

}

```

• Используйте OCR и ML для автоматизации ввода данных
• Внедрите портал самообслуживания для поставщиков
• Шифруйте банковскую информацию
• Поддерживайте полный аудиторский след
• Тестируйте соответствие SOX регулярно